Equestria

Equestria is the land in which My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic takes place. The population consists largely of intelligent, talking animals, ponies being the most prominent. Equestria is ruled by Princess Celestia.

History
Long ago Equestria was ruled by Celestia, who brought out the sun during day, and Luna, who brought out the moon at night. Luna eventually started to become bitter and envious since the ponies would sleep through her nights. Luna became Nightmare Moon and was determined to make the night last forever. Celestia felt it necessary to seal up Nightmare Moon within the moon where she remained for a thousand years.

Canterlot
Canterlot is home to the royal palace of Princess Celestia. It is also the former home of Twilight Sparkle before she was relocated to Ponyville.

Ponyville
Ponyville is the main setting of FiM.

The Everfree Forest
The Everfree Forest is located outsided of Ponyville. It appears not to be bound by the same laws as the rest of Equestria since plants grow, animals care for themselves and the weather changes without the help of ponies.

Fillydelphia
Fillydelphia is briefly mentioned by Celestia is Swarm of the Century.